What are the signs of OHSS and who is at risk to develop it?

Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) can either be mild or severe. The mild form occurs in 10% to 20% of cycles and results in some discomfort but almost always resolves without complications. The severe form occurs approximately 1% of the time. The chance of OHSS is increased in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and in conception cycles. When severe, it can result in blood clots, kidney damage, ovarian twisting (torsion), and chest and abdominal fluid collections. In severe cases, hospitalization is required for monitoring but the condition is transient, usually lasting only a week or two. Occasionally, drawing fluid out of the chest or abdominal cavity decreases symptoms. The best prevention is to withhold hCG administration and prevent ovulation when ultrasound or hormone testing indicates a high risk for severe OHSS. The use of ultrasounds and/or serum estradiol levels will enable your physician to predict your risk.